solution and its types

 In this article, I will discuss solutions, their components, and their types.

Solution

       A homogenous mixture of different substances which has a uniform composition throughout is called a solution.

            The physical properties of the solution are uniform. A solution that is formed by two components is known as a binary solution.

Components of solution

       A solution consists of two components.

·      Solute

·      Solvent

Solute

       The component which is present in a lesser amount in solution is known as solute. For example; in a sugar solution sugar is solute.

Solvent

       The component which is present in a larger amount in solution is known as a solvent. For example; in a sugar solution water is solvent. If two liquid components are mixed with each other and form a solution then, the component which is present in a larger amount is considered as solvent.

Types of solution

   There are many types of solutions on a different basis.

On the basis of the amount of solute

       On the basis of the amount of solute, the solution is divided into two types.

·      Dilute solution

·      Concentrated solution

    dilute solution

       A dilute solution is one that contains a relatively small amount of solute dissolved in the solution.

concentrated solution

       A concentrated solution is one that contains a relatively large amount of solute dissolved in the solution.

dilute and concentrated solution

On the basis of solvent

       On the basis of the solvent solution are divided into two types;

·      Aqueous solution

·      Non-aqueous solution

Ø Aqueous solution

       A solution in which water is present as a solvent is known as an aqueous solution. For example; the solution of sodium chloride in water.

water

Ø Non-aqueous solution

       The solution in which other solvents are present instead of water is known as a non-aqueous solution.

On the basis of solubility of the solute in solvent
On the basis of solubility of the solute in solvent, the solution is divided into three types;

·      Unsaturated solution

·      Saturated solution

·      Supersaturated solution

1.  Unsaturated solution

       The type of solution, in which more solute is easily dissolved at room temperature is known as an unsaturated solution.

2.  Saturated solution

       The type of solution, in which no more solute is dissolved in the solvent at room temperature and it starts settling down in the bottom of the flask is known as a saturated solution.

3.  Supersaturated solution

       If we heat a saturated solution and add more solute while heating the solution, then solute easily dissolves in the solution, a point reach when no more solute dissolves in this solution on heating. Now this solution is known as a supersaturated solution.