hybridization of carbon in organic compounds/ camparison of ethane, ethene and ethyne

 Hybridization of carbon in organic compounds

       Organic compounds have different types of hybridization. Three different classes of organic compounds alkane, alkene, and alkyne have different hybridization due to the ability of carbon atoms to make single, double, and triple bonds in different classes. Carbon has the ability to make a single bond in alkane class, a double bond in alkene, and make triple bond in alkyne.

Alkanes

       Alkanes class has sp³ hybridization because they have a sigma bond throughout the molecule.

Ethane

       Ethane has sp³ hybridization because it has sigma bonds. The molecular formula of ethane is C₂H₆. Carbon belongs to period no 2 and group no IVA. It has four electrons in its outermost shell. It needs four more electrons to complete its octet.

sp³ hybridization

Ethene

       Ethene belongs to the alkene class, it has sp² hybridization in that carbon which makes the double bond with other carbon or other atoms. The molecular formula of ethene is C₂H₄.

sp² hybridization

Ethyne

       Ethyne belongs to the alkyne class, it has sp hybridization in that carbon which makes the triple bond with other carbon atoms or another atom. The molecular formula of ethyne is C₂H₂.   

 

sp hybridization